Comparing the pros and cons of bio-based and synthetic adhesives clearly depends on the engineering application and the associated purposes. However, bioadhesives definitively present benefits in terms of environmental and health properties: the components of the majority of synthetic adhesives such as poly(vinyl acetate), epoxy, phenol–formaldehyde, and polyurethane are based on toxic chemicals such as epichlorohydrin, methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), formaldehyde, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).